This book offers the first detailed regional study of womenOCOs politics in the United Kingdom in the period before the First World War. Its purpose is to investigate how womenOCOs politics functioned at the grass roots, away from the schisms and personality clashes of the national political scene. The book investigates the membership, activities and campaigning methodologies of a variety of formal political organisations ranging from branches of national auxiliary bodies such as the WomenOCOs Liberal Federation through womenOCOs involvement in local branches of the Independent Labour Party and on to the autonomous suffrage organisations. The impact of the all-female suffrage campaigns on older political groups in which women still competed with men for positions and policies is also considered. The book extends into the First World War, and investigates the new alliance that were formed when earlier societies contracted or closed."